Star Player is Caught
The cheating scandal came to a head when Art Krause, our football captain, made the egregious mistake of getting caught cheating on a midterm exam. If Art were suspended for his part in that sordid affair, our chance for winning the city championship would go up in smoke. The distraught coach asked the principal to overlook Art's duplicity, but Mr. Dorsey replied in an acrimonious fashion that the players had been given a plethora of athletic instruction but a paucity of moral guidance.
明星球員被抓包
讓作弊醜聞事件到達很緊急關頭的事情，就是我們足球隊隊長，Art Krause犯了很大的過錯，在期中考考試作弊時被抓。假如Art因為這個作弊事件而暫停他的球員資格，那我們想要在城市比賽獲得冠軍的機會便化為烏有了。苦惱的教練要求校長原諒Ark的犯行，但是Dorsey先生用很刻薄的方式回答說，球員被教導許多運動方面的教育，卻很少被教導道德教育。
Words
1. egregious 非常的，極惡的
2. distraught 煩惱的，心煩意亂的
3. duplicity 欺騙
4. acrimonious 刻薄的，嚴厲的
5. paucity 少量
6. scandal 醜聞
7. come to a head 達到緊要關頭
8. sordid 骯髒的，卑鄙的 (Week 4 Day3)
9. go up in smoke 化為烏有 (Week 3 Day 4)
10. plethora 過多 (Week 2 Day 2)
Today's Idiom
to pass the buck
buck是打撲克牌時的莊家標誌，這個諺語應該是從1800年代中期開始的，當時在玩撲克牌時，會將鹿彈或是其他的東西當做莊佳的標記，參賽者會把標記輪流轉到每個人前面來提醒大家誰是下一輪的莊家。所以後來這個諺語變成了逃避責任的意思。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞片語(咖啡色) 受詞綠色 連接詞橘色
1.The cheating scandal came to a head when Art Krause, our football captain, made the egregious mistake of getting caught cheating on a midterm exam.
第一句又是when的句型，主要子句 the cheating scandal came to a head表示作弊事件的高潮出現了，our football captain用兩個逗號標記，表示是Art Krause的同位語，他made a mistake of Ving。get caught cheating就是作弊被抓。midterm exam表示期中考，final exam則是期末考。
2.If Art were suspended for his part in that sordid affair, our chance for winning the city championship would go up in smoke.
第二句是if的句型，這裡用were suspended表示和現在事實相反，還不確定是否會被停權，但萬一停權，就會有...的狀況，所以用were。
3.The distraught coach asked the principal to overlook Art's duplicity, but Mr. Dorsey replied in an acrimonious fashion that the players had been given a plethora of athletic instruction but a paucity of moral guidance.
ask someone to do something就是要求某人做某事。Dorsey replied in an acrimonious fashion這句話可以寫成 Dorsey replied acrimoniously也可以寫成 Dorsey replied in an acremonious way意思都是用刻薄的方式回答。最後面a plethora of和 a paucity of正好是兩個相反意思的詞，前者表示過多的，後面表示過少的。
2009年12月9日 星期三
2009年12月8日 星期二
Week 5 Day 2
Cracking down
Mr. Dorsey, our new principal, determined to do something about the flagrant cheating at our high school. He issued bulletins and began to admonish those teachers who didn't proctor alertly. Under duress, the faculty reported the names of the culprits. Several crib sheets were turned in as tangible evidence of the cheating. Mr. Dorsey's inexorable campaign against the wrong-doers seemed to be paying off.
整頓掃蕩
新校長Dorsey先生決心要作點事來處理我們中學校公然作弊的事情。他貼出公告，並且責備這些沒有認真監考的老師。迫於壓力，全校職員把作弊的人員姓名呈報上去。許多小抄都變成作弊的具體證據。Dorsey先生對於這些做錯事的人毫不退讓的行徑，似乎開始有了成效。
Words
1. flagrant 明目張膽的，公然的 adj.
2. admonish 告誡，警告，責備 v.
3. duress 強迫，束縛 n.
4. culprit 罪犯 n.
5. inexorable 無法改變的，不寬容的 adj.
6. bulletin 公告 n.
7. alertly 機警的 adv.
8. faculty 全體教職員 n.
9. crib sheet 小抄 n.
10. tangible 具體的 adj. (Week 4 Day 3)
Today's Idiom
to take down a peg
這個片語的意思是殺某人威風。peg就是釘，栓。古代在航海的時候，會利用peg來調整船旗的高度。當旗幟越高，表示榮耀越高，相對的，旗幟越低，榮耀越低。所以take down a peg就變成殺某人威風的意思。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞(片語)咖啡色 受詞綠色 連接詞橘色
1.Mr. Dorsey, our new principal, determined to do something about the flagrant cheating at our high school.
our new principal放在兩個逗號之中，表示是Mr. Dorsey的同位語，也就是說Mr. Dorsey就是校長。決心要做什麼事情，可以用determine to，其實就是decide to的意思。
2.He issued bulletins and began to admonish those teachers who didn't proctor alertly.
這句中，those teachers who didn't proctor alertly的who就是關係代名詞，代表前面的those teachers。
3.Under duress, the faculty reported the names of the culprits.
duress是強迫的意思，相同的用法還有under pressure壓力之下，report除了報告以外，還有揭發檢舉的意思。
4.Several crib sheets were turned in as tangible evidence of the cheating.
crib就是抄的意思，所以crib sheet就是小抄。turn in 就是交出去的意思。
5.Mr. Dorsey's inexorable campaign against the wrong-doers seemed to be paying off.
對抗什麼的運動，介係詞會用against，但若是支持什麼的運動，介係詞就會用for了。pay off是只有了代價，表示事情是成功的。
Mr. Dorsey, our new principal, determined to do something about the flagrant cheating at our high school. He issued bulletins and began to admonish those teachers who didn't proctor alertly. Under duress, the faculty reported the names of the culprits. Several crib sheets were turned in as tangible evidence of the cheating. Mr. Dorsey's inexorable campaign against the wrong-doers seemed to be paying off.
整頓掃蕩
新校長Dorsey先生決心要作點事來處理我們中學校公然作弊的事情。他貼出公告，並且責備這些沒有認真監考的老師。迫於壓力，全校職員把作弊的人員姓名呈報上去。許多小抄都變成作弊的具體證據。Dorsey先生對於這些做錯事的人毫不退讓的行徑，似乎開始有了成效。
Words
1. flagrant 明目張膽的，公然的 adj.
2. admonish 告誡，警告，責備 v.
3. duress 強迫，束縛 n.
4. culprit 罪犯 n.
5. inexorable 無法改變的，不寬容的 adj.
6. bulletin 公告 n.
7. alertly 機警的 adv.
8. faculty 全體教職員 n.
9. crib sheet 小抄 n.
10. tangible 具體的 adj. (Week 4 Day 3)
Today's Idiom
to take down a peg
這個片語的意思是殺某人威風。peg就是釘，栓。古代在航海的時候，會利用peg來調整船旗的高度。當旗幟越高，表示榮耀越高，相對的，旗幟越低，榮耀越低。所以take down a peg就變成殺某人威風的意思。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞(片語)咖啡色 受詞綠色 連接詞橘色
1.Mr. Dorsey, our new principal, determined to do something about the flagrant cheating at our high school.
our new principal放在兩個逗號之中，表示是Mr. Dorsey的同位語，也就是說Mr. Dorsey就是校長。決心要做什麼事情，可以用determine to，其實就是decide to的意思。
2.He issued bulletins and began to admonish those teachers who didn't proctor alertly.
這句中，those teachers who didn't proctor alertly的who就是關係代名詞，代表前面的those teachers。
3.Under duress, the faculty reported the names of the culprits.
duress是強迫的意思，相同的用法還有under pressure壓力之下，report除了報告以外，還有揭發檢舉的意思。
4.Several crib sheets were turned in as tangible evidence of the cheating.
crib就是抄的意思，所以crib sheet就是小抄。turn in 就是交出去的意思。
5.Mr. Dorsey's inexorable campaign against the wrong-doers seemed to be paying off.
對抗什麼的運動，介係詞會用against，但若是支持什麼的運動，介係詞就會用for了。pay off是只有了代價，表示事情是成功的。
2009年12月7日 星期一
Week 5 Day 1
Cheating
During my first weeks at my new school I observed that cheating was rampant. I had always considered it rather inane to cheat on a test because of my code of ethics, and because so much was at stake. Apparently, the other students didn't concur. In fact, even the presence of a proctor did not intimidate them. Far from being a clandestine activity, the cheating was open and obvious.
作弊
在我剛到新學校的前數週，我發現作弊這件事很普遍。我總是覺得考試作弊是相當愚蠢的，這是我的道德觀的認知，同時也是因為做弊有太多的風險。但是很顯然其他學生並不同意。事實上
即使有監考人在場也沒法威嚇他們不作弊。作弊照理講應該是很秘密進行的活動，但在這間學校去是公開又明顯的。
Words
1. rampant 蔓延的，繁茂的 adj.
2. inane 愚蠢的 adj.
3. ethics 道德 n.
4. concur 同意 v.
5. clandestine 秘密的，暗中的 adj.
6. at stake 有風險的 adv.
7. proctor 監考人 n.
8. intimidate 威嚇，脅迫 v. (Week 4 Day 1)
Today's Idiom
stock in trade
stock in trade 就是存貨的意思，在做生意時，商人必須保留某部份的產品在手中，以便可以因應隨時賣出去的商品。所以便引申為某種專業上必須有的東西。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞(片語)咖啡色 受詞綠色 連結詞橘色
1.During my first weeks at my new school I observed that cheating was rampant.
during是介係詞，後面要加的是一段時間，rampant這個字就像是藤蔓蔓延開來的感覺，表示很普遍。
2.I had always considered it rather inane to cheat on a test because of my code of ethics, and because so much was at stake.
consider something adj =覺得something 如何，because of和because都是因為的意思，但是because of+ N. ，because+子句。stake就是賭博用的賭注，所以at stake就是有風險的意思。
3.Apparently, the other students didn't concur.
apparently在這裡也可以用 it was apparent that the other students didn't concur. 來取代。也就是說用副詞當開頭時，也可以寫成形容詞的模式，只是要用虛主詞it開頭，後面再加上that來引導子句。
4.In fact, even the presence of a proctor did not intimidate them.
in fact= as a matter of fact，就是事實上的意思。這裡的even是即使的意思，用來加強語氣。
5.Far from being a clandestine activity, the cheating was open and obvious.
far from...就是距離...很遠，如果說far from my home，表示離我家很遠，在這邊的意思，指的是完全不的意思。也就是說 作弊這件事應該是要小心謹慎的怕被發現，但是這個學校不是這樣，大家都很公開，所以cheating在這所學校並不是秘密的行動，離秘密的行動很遠，表示完全不是秘密的行動。
During my first weeks at my new school I observed that cheating was rampant. I had always considered it rather inane to cheat on a test because of my code of ethics, and because so much was at stake. Apparently, the other students didn't concur. In fact, even the presence of a proctor did not intimidate them. Far from being a clandestine activity, the cheating was open and obvious.
作弊
在我剛到新學校的前數週，我發現作弊這件事很普遍。我總是覺得考試作弊是相當愚蠢的，這是我的道德觀的認知，同時也是因為做弊有太多的風險。但是很顯然其他學生並不同意。事實上
即使有監考人在場也沒法威嚇他們不作弊。作弊照理講應該是很秘密進行的活動，但在這間學校去是公開又明顯的。
Words
1. rampant 蔓延的，繁茂的 adj.
2. inane 愚蠢的 adj.
3. ethics 道德 n.
4. concur 同意 v.
5. clandestine 秘密的，暗中的 adj.
6. at stake 有風險的 adv.
7. proctor 監考人 n.
8. intimidate 威嚇，脅迫 v. (Week 4 Day 1)
Today's Idiom
stock in trade
stock in trade 就是存貨的意思，在做生意時，商人必須保留某部份的產品在手中，以便可以因應隨時賣出去的商品。所以便引申為某種專業上必須有的東西。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞(片語)咖啡色 受詞綠色 連結詞橘色
1.During my first weeks at my new school I observed that cheating was rampant.
during是介係詞，後面要加的是一段時間，rampant這個字就像是藤蔓蔓延開來的感覺，表示很普遍。
2.I had always considered it rather inane to cheat on a test because of my code of ethics, and because so much was at stake.
consider something adj =覺得something 如何，because of和because都是因為的意思，但是because of+ N. ，because+子句。stake就是賭博用的賭注，所以at stake就是有風險的意思。
3.Apparently, the other students didn't concur.
apparently在這裡也可以用 it was apparent that the other students didn't concur. 來取代。也就是說用副詞當開頭時，也可以寫成形容詞的模式，只是要用虛主詞it開頭，後面再加上that來引導子句。
4.In fact, even the presence of a proctor did not intimidate them.
in fact= as a matter of fact，就是事實上的意思。這裡的even是即使的意思，用來加強語氣。
5.Far from being a clandestine activity, the cheating was open and obvious.
far from...就是距離...很遠，如果說far from my home，表示離我家很遠，在這邊的意思，指的是完全不的意思。也就是說 作弊這件事應該是要小心謹慎的怕被發現，但是這個學校不是這樣，大家都很公開，所以cheating在這所學校並不是秘密的行動，離秘密的行動很遠，表示完全不是秘密的行動。
2009年12月4日 星期五
Week 4 Day 5
Want to Run for Office?
In recent years, we have seen the phenomenon of incumbent politicians retireing in record numbers. When interviewed, many of them admitted that they had lost their taste for the job because of the abuse to which an aspirant for office is subjected.
Words
1. phenomenon 現象
2. incumbent現任的，在職的
3. abuse 濫用，辱罵，毀謗
"My last campaign was a sordid affair in which my opponents did everything to belittle my record and air scurrilous charges about my private life," said one congressman. "I don't have to stand still for such treatment," he added, "which was terribly embarrassing to me and my entire family."
Citizen groups, appalled by the candidates' mudslinging, have sought to do something about the situation. Committees have been formed in a number of states to study ways to elevate the tone of the process, reduce the emotionalism, and eliminate the frenzy of name calling that is generated as election day draws near.
Words
1. appal 使驚駭
2. mudslinging 揭發隱私
"Unless we clean up this mess," said the chairman of an Illinois caucus, "we will lose the best and the brightest from the political arena. After all, who but a masochist wants to be a punching bag, the subject of daily vilification in the media, and a target for every malcontent in town?"
Words
1. masochist 被虐待狂
2. vilification 誹謗
3. malcontent 不滿者，反抗者
In recent years, we have seen the phenomenon of incumbent politicians retireing in record numbers. When interviewed, many of them admitted that they had lost their taste for the job because of the abuse to which an aspirant for office is subjected.
Words
1. phenomenon 現象
2. incumbent現任的，在職的
3. abuse 濫用，辱罵，毀謗
"My last campaign was a sordid affair in which my opponents did everything to belittle my record and air scurrilous charges about my private life," said one congressman. "I don't have to stand still for such treatment," he added, "which was terribly embarrassing to me and my entire family."
Citizen groups, appalled by the candidates' mudslinging, have sought to do something about the situation. Committees have been formed in a number of states to study ways to elevate the tone of the process, reduce the emotionalism, and eliminate the frenzy of name calling that is generated as election day draws near.
Words
1. appal 使驚駭
2. mudslinging 揭發隱私
"Unless we clean up this mess," said the chairman of an Illinois caucus, "we will lose the best and the brightest from the political arena. After all, who but a masochist wants to be a punching bag, the subject of daily vilification in the media, and a target for every malcontent in town?"
Words
1. masochist 被虐待狂
2. vilification 誹謗
3. malcontent 不滿者，反抗者
2009年12月3日 星期四
Week 4 Day 4
The Decline of Mullins
Mullins sought solace in whiskey. Once a highly-respected aspirant for the lightweight crown, he now found himself associating with the dregs of Skid Row. He would work himself into the alcoholic frenzy in which he would trumpet scurrilous attacks on the champ, the manager, and the judge. One avid fight fan attributed Mullins' absence from ring to sickness, saying that he was "recovering from a bad case of -- SCOTCH."
Mullins的墮落
Mullins借酒尋求安慰。他曾經是高度受到尊重，很有希望取得輕量級皇冠的選手，但是他現在卻發現自己變成社會底層的殘渣。他沉溺於酒精的狂熱中，藉酒大聲吼出對冠軍選手，經理人和法官的粗劣語言。ㄧ個忠誠的打鬥迷把Mullins消失在拳擊場的原因歸咎於他生病了，說他想從酒精中恢復昔日狀況是很不好的示範。
Words
1. solace 慰藉，安慰 n.
2. aspirant 名譽地位的追求者 n.
3. dregs 殘渣 n.
4. frenzy 瘋狂，激動 n.
5. scurrilous 粗俗的，下流的 adj.
6. Skid Row 貧民窟 n.
Today's Idiom
to rule the roost
roost就是鳥類睡覺休息的棲木。在穀倉附近，公雞可以決定哪隻母雞可以在他身邊的棲木棲息，所以引申為當家做主的意思。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞(片語)咖啡色 受詞綠色 連接詞橘色
1.Mullins sought solace in whiskey.
solace就是安慰的意思，seek solace in something或是 take solace in something就是藉...尋找安慰，所以seek solace in drink就是借酒澆愁的意思。whiskey就是威士忌，是一種酒精濃度頗高的酒類，所以Mullins是真的很傷心的以酒麻醉自己。
2.Once a highly-respected aspirant for the lightweight crown, he now found himself associating with the dregs of Skid Row.
once是曾經，一度是的意思，拳擊比賽會依照參賽者的體重將選手分為幾個級距，羽量級feather weight，輕量級 light weight，重量級 heavy weight。associate就是聯想的意思，要表達和什麼聯想在一起，就用associate with something，介係詞是with。dregs是指飲料底部的殘渣，這個字一定有s，dregs of Skid Row就表示貧民窟的殘渣，是殘渣中的殘渣。
3.He would work himself into the alcoholic frenzy in which he would trumpet scurrilous attacks on the champ, the manager, and the judge.
work into這裡就是指Mullins是自己甘願讓自己陷入酒精之中，因為他現實生活不如意，所以只能在喝醉酒時，用粗俗的語言來攻擊傷害過他的人，但實際上，真正傷害他的不是別人，是自己。
frenzy後面的in which就是 in the alcoholic frenzy的意思，which只能代替前面的名詞，介係詞是不能一併代替的，所以該有的介係詞還是得保留。trumpet是小喇叭，動詞就是吹小喇叭，在這裡就是大聲說出，(像吹小喇叭那樣的音量)。
4.One avid fight fan attributed Mullins' absence from ring to sickness, saying that he was "recovering from a bad case of -- SCOTCH."
attribute A to B的意思就是把A的原因歸咎於B。scotch這個字就是酒類的名稱，借酒澆愁愁更愁，逃避也沒法解決問題，因此這個拳擊迷才會說是個bad case。
Mullins sought solace in whiskey. Once a highly-respected aspirant for the lightweight crown, he now found himself associating with the dregs of Skid Row. He would work himself into the alcoholic frenzy in which he would trumpet scurrilous attacks on the champ, the manager, and the judge. One avid fight fan attributed Mullins' absence from ring to sickness, saying that he was "recovering from a bad case of -- SCOTCH."
Mullins的墮落
Mullins借酒尋求安慰。他曾經是高度受到尊重，很有希望取得輕量級皇冠的選手，但是他現在卻發現自己變成社會底層的殘渣。他沉溺於酒精的狂熱中，藉酒大聲吼出對冠軍選手，經理人和法官的粗劣語言。ㄧ個忠誠的打鬥迷把Mullins消失在拳擊場的原因歸咎於他生病了，說他想從酒精中恢復昔日狀況是很不好的示範。
Words
1. solace 慰藉，安慰 n.
2. aspirant 名譽地位的追求者 n.
3. dregs 殘渣 n.
4. frenzy 瘋狂，激動 n.
5. scurrilous 粗俗的，下流的 adj.
6. Skid Row 貧民窟 n.
Today's Idiom
to rule the roost
roost就是鳥類睡覺休息的棲木。在穀倉附近，公雞可以決定哪隻母雞可以在他身邊的棲木棲息，所以引申為當家做主的意思。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞(片語)咖啡色 受詞綠色 連接詞橘色
1.Mullins sought solace in whiskey.
solace就是安慰的意思，seek solace in something或是 take solace in something就是藉...尋找安慰，所以seek solace in drink就是借酒澆愁的意思。whiskey就是威士忌，是一種酒精濃度頗高的酒類，所以Mullins是真的很傷心的以酒麻醉自己。
2.Once a highly-respected aspirant for the lightweight crown, he now found himself associating with the dregs of Skid Row.
once是曾經，一度是的意思，拳擊比賽會依照參賽者的體重將選手分為幾個級距，羽量級feather weight，輕量級 light weight，重量級 heavy weight。associate就是聯想的意思，要表達和什麼聯想在一起，就用associate with something，介係詞是with。dregs是指飲料底部的殘渣，這個字一定有s，dregs of Skid Row就表示貧民窟的殘渣，是殘渣中的殘渣。
3.He would work himself into the alcoholic frenzy in which he would trumpet scurrilous attacks on the champ, the manager, and the judge.
work into這裡就是指Mullins是自己甘願讓自己陷入酒精之中，因為他現實生活不如意，所以只能在喝醉酒時，用粗俗的語言來攻擊傷害過他的人，但實際上，真正傷害他的不是別人，是自己。
frenzy後面的in which就是 in the alcoholic frenzy的意思，which只能代替前面的名詞，介係詞是不能一併代替的，所以該有的介係詞還是得保留。trumpet是小喇叭，動詞就是吹小喇叭，在這裡就是大聲說出，(像吹小喇叭那樣的音量)。
4.One avid fight fan attributed Mullins' absence from ring to sickness, saying that he was "recovering from a bad case of -- SCOTCH."
attribute A to B的意思就是把A的原因歸咎於B。scotch這個字就是酒類的名稱，借酒澆愁愁更愁，逃避也沒法解決問題，因此這個拳擊迷才會說是個bad case。
2009年12月2日 星期三
Week 4 Day 3
Mullins Forced to Eat Humble Pie
The irate 80-year-old manager pressed charges against K.O. Mullins, suing him for assault. As tangible evidence of the attack, he pointed to a deep laceration over his eyebrow that had required ten stitches. When the case was brought before court, the judge castigated Mullins for the sordid incident. In addition to a costly financial settlement, Mullins was required to make a public apology to the octogenarian.
Mullins被迫認錯道歉
八十歲的經理人很生氣，按鈴控告K.O.Mullins，告他暴力脅迫。他指著眉毛上方縫了十針的傷痕，這就是這個攻擊事件很明確的證據。當案件開庭審理時，法官對於Mullins卑鄙的行為加以申斥。除了巨額的金錢補償外，Mullins還必須公開的向這位八十多歲的經理人道歉。
Words
1. tangible 明確的，有形的 adj.
2. laceration 撕裂，裂痕 n.
3. castigate 申斥，懲罰 v.
4. sordid 骯髒的，卑鄙的 adj.
5. octogenarian 八十多歲的人 n.
6. eat humble pie 承認錯誤並道歉 v.
7. irate 生氣的 adj.
8. stitch 一針 n.
Today's Idiom
Hobson's choice
這個片語源自於一名在英格蘭劍橋的人，名叫Hobson。他擁有一間出租的馬車行，當客人來承租馬匹時，Hobson給客人兩種選擇，要嘛就是選擇最靠近馬廄門口的那匹馬，要嘛就不要租，感覺上好像有兩種選擇可供自由選取，但實際上其實一點選擇都沒有。後來便引申為表面上很有選擇自由，實際上去毫無選擇空間的選擇。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞片語(咖啡色) 受詞綠色 連接詞橘色
1.The irate 80-year-old manager pressed charges against K.O. Mullins, suing him for assault.
當我們再說我幾歲時，會說 I am 80 years old，此時year會加s，可是如果名詞變成形容詞來使用時，year後面的s就會省略，同時把整個名詞用"-"符號連接起來，直接放在要形容的名詞前面。所以就變成 80-year-old manager這樣的寫法。這是名詞片語改成形容詞時常會用到的地方。
後面的suing him for assault其實就是 and he sued him for assault，因為主詞跟前面的句子的主詞一樣，便可以把連接辭和主詞省略，在這裡又是主動語態，所以動詞改成Ving的形式。
2.As tangible evidence of the attack, he pointed to a deep laceration over his eyebrow that had required ten stitches.
as這裡的意思就是如同，是，按照句子的說法 as tangible evidence of the attack，是什麼東西是明確的證據呢，就是後面的句子所描述的。eyebrow that had required ten stitches就是用關係代名詞 that來形容眉毛的狀態。
3.When the case was brought before court, the judge castigated Mullins for the sordid incident.
又是一個when開頭的句子，大家都相當熟悉了，the case was brought before court其實就是開庭的意思。
4.In addition to a costly financial settlement, Mullins was required to make a public apology to the octogenarian.
in addition就是besides，moreover，furthermore的意思，表示除了...以外，還有...，是表示兩個都算在內，當後面要加名詞時，in addition後面會加上to 這個介係詞。make apology to someone就是向某人道歉的意思。
The irate 80-year-old manager pressed charges against K.O. Mullins, suing him for assault. As tangible evidence of the attack, he pointed to a deep laceration over his eyebrow that had required ten stitches. When the case was brought before court, the judge castigated Mullins for the sordid incident. In addition to a costly financial settlement, Mullins was required to make a public apology to the octogenarian.
Mullins被迫認錯道歉
八十歲的經理人很生氣，按鈴控告K.O.Mullins，告他暴力脅迫。他指著眉毛上方縫了十針的傷痕，這就是這個攻擊事件很明確的證據。當案件開庭審理時，法官對於Mullins卑鄙的行為加以申斥。除了巨額的金錢補償外，Mullins還必須公開的向這位八十多歲的經理人道歉。
Words
1. tangible 明確的，有形的 adj.
2. laceration 撕裂，裂痕 n.
3. castigate 申斥，懲罰 v.
4. sordid 骯髒的，卑鄙的 adj.
5. octogenarian 八十多歲的人 n.
6. eat humble pie 承認錯誤並道歉 v.
7. irate 生氣的 adj.
8. stitch 一針 n.
Today's Idiom
Hobson's choice
這個片語源自於一名在英格蘭劍橋的人，名叫Hobson。他擁有一間出租的馬車行，當客人來承租馬匹時，Hobson給客人兩種選擇，要嘛就是選擇最靠近馬廄門口的那匹馬，要嘛就不要租，感覺上好像有兩種選擇可供自由選取，但實際上其實一點選擇都沒有。後來便引申為表面上很有選擇自由，實際上去毫無選擇空間的選擇。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞片語(咖啡色) 受詞綠色 連接詞橘色
1.The irate 80-year-old manager pressed charges against K.O. Mullins, suing him for assault.
當我們再說我幾歲時，會說 I am 80 years old，此時year會加s，可是如果名詞變成形容詞來使用時，year後面的s就會省略，同時把整個名詞用"-"符號連接起來，直接放在要形容的名詞前面。所以就變成 80-year-old manager這樣的寫法。這是名詞片語改成形容詞時常會用到的地方。
後面的suing him for assault其實就是 and he sued him for assault，因為主詞跟前面的句子的主詞一樣，便可以把連接辭和主詞省略，在這裡又是主動語態，所以動詞改成Ving的形式。
2.As tangible evidence of the attack, he pointed to a deep laceration over his eyebrow that had required ten stitches.
as這裡的意思就是如同，是，按照句子的說法 as tangible evidence of the attack，是什麼東西是明確的證據呢，就是後面的句子所描述的。eyebrow that had required ten stitches就是用關係代名詞 that來形容眉毛的狀態。
3.When the case was brought before court, the judge castigated Mullins for the sordid incident.
又是一個when開頭的句子，大家都相當熟悉了，the case was brought before court其實就是開庭的意思。
4.In addition to a costly financial settlement, Mullins was required to make a public apology to the octogenarian.
in addition就是besides，moreover，furthermore的意思，表示除了...以外，還有...，是表示兩個都算在內，當後面要加名詞時，in addition後面會加上to 這個介係詞。make apology to someone就是向某人道歉的意思。
2009年12月1日 星期二
Week 5 Day 2
Mullins Throws Down the Gauntlet
The pugnacious K.O. Mullins demanded a rematch. He took a full-page newspaper advertisement to promulgate his challenge.When the champ's manager saw the brash announcement, he accosted Mullins, who was surrounded by a throng of newsmen. The manager openly scoffed at Mullins and belittled his fighting ability. Mullins then lost his temper and fearlessly punched the manager, knocking him from his wheelchair.
Mullins 丟下挑戰書
好鬥的K.O. Mullins要求再比賽一次。他在報紙上登了全版廣告宣佈他的挑戰。當冠軍的經理人看到如此無理的宣告，他便接近Mullins，此時Mullins已經被一群新聞記者包圍。經理人公開的嘲笑Mullins並且瞧不起他的打鬥能力。Mullins聽了立刻失去發火，他毫無畏懼的從他的輪椅上打了經理人一拳。
Words
1. pugnacious 好鬥的，好戰的 adj.
2. promulgate 公佈，發表 v.
3. brash 無禮的 adj.
4. scoff 嘲笑 v.
5. belittle 輕視，貶 v.
6. throw down the gauntlet 下戰帖 v.
7. accost 接近與之攀談 v.
8. throng 大群 n.
Today's Idiom
feeling no pain
喝醉酒的時候，神經感覺系統都會變的比較遲鈍，所以對於一些痛感都沒有感覺，因此feel no pain就變成喝醉的意思。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞(片語)咖啡色 受詞綠色 連接詞橘色
1.The pugnacious K.O. Mullins demanded a rematch.
pugnacious就是前幾天學過的belligerent的同義詞。demand的意思是要求，若是片語 on demand就變成立即立刻的意思。在動詞前面加上re-的字首，就會變成再一次的意思，所以rematch= match again。
2.He took a full-page newspaper advertisement to promulgate his challenge.
在主要的句子後面用不定詞to V.表示 in order to 的意思。
3.When the champ's manager saw the brash announcement, he accosted Mullins, who was surrounded by a throng of newsmen.
這一句一樣是用when開頭，後面的句子在Mullins後面加了一個關係代名詞who ，用來形容Mullins的情況，值得注意的是，who前面多了一個,，表示Mullins是特定的人，專有的人，所以才加上,。
4.The manager openly scoffed at Mullins and belittled his fighting ability.
scoff at someone就是嘲笑某人，義同於 laugh at someone，sneer at someone。
5.Mullins then lost his temper and fearlessly punched the manager, knocking him from his wheelchair.
lost one's temper表示發怒的意思，因為發怒所以打了冠軍的經理人，後面的knocking him from his wheelchair就是Mullins knocked him from his wheelchair因為主詞跟前面的主詞一樣，便把主詞省略，然後因為是主動語態，所以將動詞改成Ving的形式。
The pugnacious K.O. Mullins demanded a rematch. He took a full-page newspaper advertisement to promulgate his challenge.When the champ's manager saw the brash announcement, he accosted Mullins, who was surrounded by a throng of newsmen. The manager openly scoffed at Mullins and belittled his fighting ability. Mullins then lost his temper and fearlessly punched the manager, knocking him from his wheelchair.
Mullins 丟下挑戰書
好鬥的K.O. Mullins要求再比賽一次。他在報紙上登了全版廣告宣佈他的挑戰。當冠軍的經理人看到如此無理的宣告，他便接近Mullins，此時Mullins已經被一群新聞記者包圍。經理人公開的嘲笑Mullins並且瞧不起他的打鬥能力。Mullins聽了立刻失去發火，他毫無畏懼的從他的輪椅上打了經理人一拳。
Words
1. pugnacious 好鬥的，好戰的 adj.
2. promulgate 公佈，發表 v.
3. brash 無禮的 adj.
4. scoff 嘲笑 v.
5. belittle 輕視，貶 v.
6. throw down the gauntlet 下戰帖 v.
7. accost 接近與之攀談 v.
8. throng 大群 n.
Today's Idiom
feeling no pain
喝醉酒的時候，神經感覺系統都會變的比較遲鈍，所以對於一些痛感都沒有感覺，因此feel no pain就變成喝醉的意思。
Grammar 主詞藍色 動詞(片語)咖啡色 受詞綠色 連接詞橘色
1.The pugnacious K.O. Mullins demanded a rematch.
pugnacious就是前幾天學過的belligerent的同義詞。demand的意思是要求，若是片語 on demand就變成立即立刻的意思。在動詞前面加上re-的字首，就會變成再一次的意思，所以rematch= match again。
2.He took a full-page newspaper advertisement to promulgate his challenge.
在主要的句子後面用不定詞to V.表示 in order to 的意思。
3.When the champ's manager saw the brash announcement, he accosted Mullins, who was surrounded by a throng of newsmen.
這一句一樣是用when開頭，後面的句子在Mullins後面加了一個關係代名詞who ，用來形容Mullins的情況，值得注意的是，who前面多了一個,，表示Mullins是特定的人，專有的人，所以才加上,。
4.The manager openly scoffed at Mullins and belittled his fighting ability.
scoff at someone就是嘲笑某人，義同於 laugh at someone，sneer at someone。
5.Mullins then lost his temper and fearlessly punched the manager, knocking him from his wheelchair.
lost one's temper表示發怒的意思，因為發怒所以打了冠軍的經理人，後面的knocking him from his wheelchair就是Mullins knocked him from his wheelchair因為主詞跟前面的主詞一樣，便把主詞省略，然後因為是主動語態，所以將動詞改成Ving的形式。
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